| Daniel Kahneman | Daniel Kahneman |  | | Born | (1934-03-05) March v, 1934 (age 79)
Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine | | Residence | United States | | Nationality | Usa, Israel | | Fields | Psychology, economics | | Institutions | Princeton University 1993–
University of California, Berkeley 1986–93
University of British Columbia 1978–86
Centre for Advanced Report in the Behavioral Sciences 1972–73
Hebrew University of Jerusalem 1961–77 | | Alma mater | University of California, Berkeley Ph.D, 1961
Hebrew University B.A., 1954 | | Doctoral advisor | Susan Thousand. Ervin-Tripp | | Known for | Cognitive biases
Behavioral economics
Prospect theory | | Notable awards | APA Lifetime Achievement Award (2007)
Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (2002)
APS Distinguished Scientific Contribution Laurels (1982) | Daniel Kahneman (Hebrew: דניאל כהנמן) (born March five, 1934) is an Israeli-American psychologist and winner of the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He is notable for his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making, behavioral economics and hedonic psychology. With Amos Tversky and others, Kahneman established a cognitive basis for mutual human being errors which arise from heuristics and biases (Kahneman & Tversky, 1973; Kahneman, Slovic & Tversky, 1982; Tversky & Kahneman, 1974), and developed prospect theory (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979). He was awarded the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic science for his work in prospect theory. In 2011, he was named by Foreign Policy magazine to its list of top global thinkers. [1] In the aforementioned year, his book Thinking, Fast and Slow, which summarizes much of his research, was published and became a all-time seller. Currently, he is professor emeritus of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School. Kahneman is a founding partner of The Greatest Proficient, a concern and philanthropy consulting visitor. He is married to Purple Society Fellow Anne Treisman. [2] Contents - one Biography
- 1.1 Early on years
- 1.i.1 Education and military service
- i.two Career
- 1.2.1 Cerebral psychology
- 1.2.2 Judgment and controlling
- i.2.3 Behavioral economic science
- 1.2.4 Hedonic psychology
- 1.3 Teaching
- i.4 Personal life
- 2 Honors and awards
- 3 Notable contributions
- 4 Publications
- 5 Bibliography
- vi Interviews with Kahneman
- 7 See also
- 8 References
- 9 External links
Biography Early years Daniel Kahneman was born in Tel Aviv in 1934, where his mother was visiting relatives. He spent his childhood years in Paris, France, where his parents had emigrated from Republic of lithuania in the early 1920s. Kahneman and his family unit were in Paris when information technology was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1940. His father was picked up in the first major round-upwardly of French Jews, but was released later six weeks due to the intervention of his employer. The family was on the run for the remainder of the war, and survived intact except for the expiry of Kahneman's begetter of diabetes in 1944. Daniel Kahnemann and his family unit and so moved to British Mandatory Palestine in 1948, just prior to Israel'south independence (Kahneman, 2003). Kahneman has written of his experience in Nazi-occupied French republic, explaining in part why he entered the field of psychology: It must have been tardily 1941 or early 1942. Jews were required to wear the Star of David and to obey a 6 p.g. curfew. I had gone to play with a Christian friend and had stayed too late. I turned my dark-brown sweater inside out to walk the few blocks home. As I was walking downwards an empty street, I saw a German soldier approaching. He was wearing the black uniform that I had been told to fear more than others – the one worn by specially recruited SS soldiers. As I came closer to him, trying to walk fast, I noticed that he was looking at me intently. Then he beckoned me over, picked me up, and hugged me. I was terrified that he would find the star inside my sweater. He was speaking to me with peachy emotion, in German language. When he put me downwards, he opened his wallet, showed me a flick of a male child, and gave me some money. I went home more certain than ever that my mother was right: people were endlessly complicated and interesting (Kahneman, 2003, p. 417). Education and war machine service Kahneman received his B. Sc. with a major in psychology and a minor in mathematics from the Hebrew Academy of Jerusalem in 1954. After earning his undergraduate caste, he served in the psychology department of the Israeli Defense Forces. One of his responsibilities was to evaluate candidates for officer's training school, and to develop tests and measures for this purpose. In 1958, he went to the United States to study for his Ph.D. caste in Psychology from the University of California, Berkeley. Career Cerebral psychology Kahneman began his academic career equally a lecturer in psychology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1961. He was promoted to senior lecturer in 1966. His early piece of work focused on visual perception and attention. For example, his first publication in the prestigious journal Scientific discipline was entitled "Pupil Bore and Load on Memory" (Kahneman & Beatty, 1966). During this flow, Kahneman was a visiting scientist at the University of Michigan (1965–66) and the Applied Psychology Research Unit in Cambridge (1968/1969, summers). He was a boyfriend at the Center for Cognitive Studies and a lecturer in psychology at Harvard University in 1966/1967. Judgment and decision-making This menstruum marks the first of Kahneman's lengthy collaboration with Amos Tversky. Together, Kahneman and Tversky published a series of seminal manufactures in the full general field of judgment and controlling, culminating in the publication of their prospect theory in 1979 (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979). Kahneman was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 2002 for his work on prospect theory. In his Nobel biography, Kahneman states that his collaboration with Tversky began after Kahneman had invited Tversky to requite a guest lecture to ane of Kahneman'southward seminars at Hebrew University in 1968 or 1969. Their starting time jointly-authored newspaper, "Belief in the Law of Small-scale Numbers," was published in 1971 (Tversky & Kahneman, 1971). They published 7 articles in peer-reviewed journals in the years 1971–1979. Aside from "Prospect Theory," the well-nigh important of these articles was "Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases" (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974), which was published in the prestigious journal Scientific discipline and introduced the notion of anchoring. Kahneman left Hebrew University in 1978 to take a position at the University of British Columbia. This move had petty or no firsthand outcome on his collaborations with Tversky, for Tversky moved on to Stanford University that same yr. Behavioral economics Kahneman and Tversky were both fellows at the Centre for Advanced Studies in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford Academy in the academic yr 1977–1978. A immature economist named Richard Thaler was a visiting professor at the Stanford branch of the National Bureau of Economic Research during that same year. Co-ordinate to Kahneman, "[Thaler and I] soon became friends, and have always since had a considerable influence on each other's thinking" (Kahneman, 2003, p. 437). Edifice on Prospect theory and Kahneman and Tversky's body of work, Thaler published "Toward a Positive Theory of Consumer Option" in 1980, a paper which Kahneman has called "the founding text in behavioral economics" (Kahneman, 2003, p. 438). Kahneman and Tversky both became heavily involved in the development of this new approach to economic theory, and their involvement in this movement had the upshot of reducing the intensity and exclusivity of their before period of joint collaboration. Although they would continue to publish together until the terminate of Tversky's life, their years of near-exclusive collaboration were coming to an cease. The period when Kahneman published almost exclusively with Tversky began to air current down in 1983, when Kahneman published two papers with Anne Treisman, his wife since 1978. Hedonic psychology In the nineties, Kahneman's inquiry focus began to gradually shift in emphasis towards the field of "hedonic psychology." This subfield is closely related to the positive psychology move, which was steadily gaining in popularity at the time. Co-ordinate to Kahneman and colleagues, "Hedonic psychology...is the study of what makes experiences and life pleasant or unpleasant. It is concerned with feelings of pleasure and pain, of interest and boredom, of joy and sorrow, and of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. It is also concerned with the whole range of circumstances, from the biological to the societal, that occasion suffering and enjoyment." [three] It is difficult to determine precisely when Kahneman'south research began to focus on hedonics, although information technology probable stemmed from his work on the economic notion of utility. After publishing multiple articles and chapters in all but one of the years spanning the period 1979–1986 (for a full of 23 published works in 8 years), Kahneman published exactly ane affiliate during the years 1987–1989. Afterward this hiatus, articles on utility and the psychology of utility began to appear (e.g. Kahneman & Snell, 1990; Kahneman & Thaler, 1991; Kahneman & Varey, 1991). In 1992, Varey and Kahneman introduced the method of evaluating moments and episodes as a way to capture "experiences extended beyond time." While Kahneman continued to report controlling (due east.m. Kahneman, 1992, 1994; Kahneman & Lovallo, 1993), hedonic psychology was the focus of an increasing number of publications (east.yard. Fredrickson & Kahneman, 1993; Kahneman, Fredrickson, Schreiber & Redelemeier, 1993; Kahneman, Wakker & Sarin, 1997; Redelmeier & Kahneman, 1996), culminating in a volume co-edited with Ed Diener and Norbert Schwarz, two of the most established and esteemed scholars of bear upon and well-being. [4] Together with David Schkade, Kahneman adult the notion of the focusing illusion (Kahneman & Schkade, 1998; Kahneman, Krueger, Schkade, Schwarz & Stone, 2006) to explain in function the mistakes people make when estimating the furnishings of different scenarios on their future happiness (likewise known as affective forecasting, which has been studied extensively by Daniel Gilbert). The "illusion" occurs when people consider the impact of one specific factor on their overall happiness, they tend to greatly exaggerate the importance of that cistron, while overlooking the numerous other factors that would in most cases have a greater impact. A good example is provided by Kahneman and Schkade's 1998 newspaper "Does living in California make people happy? A focusing illusion in judgments of life satisfaction." In that paper, students in the Midwest and in California reported like levels of life satisfaction, merely the Midwesterners idea their Californian peers would be happier. The but distinguishing information the Midwestern students had when making these judgments was the fact that their hypothetical peers lived in California. Thus, they "focused" on this distinction, thereby overestimating the result of the weather in California on its residents' satisfaction with life. Didactics Kahneman is currently a senior scholar and kinesthesia fellow member emeritus at Princeton University's Section of Psychology and Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He is too a beau at Hebrew University and a Gallup Senior Scientist. [5] Personal life Daniel Kahneman is married to Anne Treisman, beau professor of psychology at Princeton University. [two] Honors and awards - In 2002, Kahneman received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic science, despite existence a research psychologist, for his work in Prospect theory. Kahneman states he has never taken a single economics course – that everything that he knows of the subject he and Tversky learned from their collaborators Richard Thaler and Jack Knetsch.
- Kahneman, co-recipient with Amos Tversky, earned the 2003 University of Louisville Grawemeyer Laurels for Psychology.
- In 2005, he was voted the 101st-greatest Israeli of all time, in a poll by the Israeli news website Ynet to make up one's mind whom the general public considered the 200 Greatest Israelis. [6]
- In 2007, he was presented with the American Psychological Association's Award for Outstanding Lifetime Contributions to Psychology. [seven]
- On Nov vi, 2009, he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the section of Economics at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, kingdom of the netherlands. In his acceptance spoken language Kahneman said, "when you live long enough, you see the impossible go reality." He was referring to the fact that he would never have expected to be honored as an economist when he started his studies into what would become Behavioral Economics. [8]
- In both 2011 and 2012, he fabricated the Bloomberg 50 nearly influential people in global finance. [nine]
- On November 9, 2011, he was awarded the Talcott Parsons Prize by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. To see his lecture, click the link below. [10]
- His book, Thinking, Fast and Boring was the winner of the 2011 Los Angeles Times Book Honour for Current Interest. [xi]
- In 2012 he was accepted equally corresponding academician at the Real Academia Española (Economic and Financial Sciences). [12]
Notable contributions - Anchoring and aligning
- Attribute substitution
- Availability heuristic
- Base charge per unit fallacy
- Conjunction fallacy
- Framing (economics)
- Loss aversion
- Optimism bias
- Meridian-cease rule
- Planning fallacy
- Preference reversal
- Prospect theory
- Cumulative prospect theory
- Reference course forecasting
- Representativeness heuristic
- Simulation heuristic
- Status quo bias
Publications The following is a partial list of Kahneman'due south numerous publications, and the entries were selected for their importance (as indexed past citation counts) and/or representativeness: - Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1971). "Belief in the police of minor numbers". Psychological Bulletin 76 (2): 105–110. doi:ten.1037/h0031322.
- Kahneman, D.; Tversky, A. (1972). "Subjective probability: A judgment of representativeness". Cognitive Psychology 3 (3): 430–454. doi:10.1016/0010-0285(72)90016-iii.
- Kahneman, D. (1973). Attending and effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- Kahneman, D.; Tversky, A. (1973). "On the psychology of prediction". Psychological Review lxxx (four): 237–251. doi:10.1037/h0034747.
- Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1973). "Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability". Cognitive Psychology 5 (two): 207–232. doi:10.1016/0010-0285(73)90033-9.
- Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1974). "Judgment under doubt: Heuristics and biases". Scientific discipline 185 (4157): 1124–1131. doi:ten.1126/scientific discipline.185.4157.1124. PMID 17835457.
- Kahneman, D.; Tversky, A. (1979). "Prospect theory: An analysis of decisions nether risk". Econometrica 47 (2): 263–291. doi:10.2307/1914185. JSTOR 1914185.
- Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1981). "The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice". Science 211 (4481): 453–458. doi:10.1126/science.7455683. PMID 7455683.
- Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment Nether Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases. New York: Cambridge Academy Press.
- Kahneman, D.; Tversky, A. (1984). "Choices, values and frames". American Psychologist 39 (four): 341–350. doi:x.1037/0003-066X.39.4.341.
- Kahneman, D.; Miller, D.T. (1986). "Norm theory: Comparing reality to its alternatives". Psychological Review 93 (two): 136–153. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.93.2.136.
- Kahneman, D.; Knetsch, J.L.; Thaler, R.H. (1990). "Experimental tests of the endowment event and the Coase theorem". Journal of Political Economy 98 (half-dozen): 1325–1348. doi:10.1086/261737.
- Fredrickson, B. L.; Kahneman, D. (1993). "Duration neglect in retrospective evaluations of affective episodes". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 65 (one): 45–55. doi:x.1037/0022-3514.65.one.45. PMID 8355141.
- Kahneman, D.; Lovallo, D. (1993). "Timid choices and assuming forecasts: A cognitive perspective on risk-taking". Direction Science 39: 17–31. doi:10.1287/mnsc.39.ane.17.
- Kahneman, D.; Tversky, A. (1996). "On the reality of cognitive illusions". Psychological Review 103 (3): 582–591. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.582. PMID 8759048.
- Schkade, D. A.; Kahneman, D. (1998). "Does living in California make people happy? A focusing illusion in judgments of life satisfaction". Psychological Science 9 (5): 340–346. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00066.
- Kahneman, D., Diener, E., & Schwarz, Due north. (Eds.). (1999). Well-existence: The foundations of hedonic psychology. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
- Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (Eds.). (2000). Choices, values and frames. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Kahneman, D. (2003). "A perspective on judgment and pick: Mapping bounded rationality". American Psychologist 58 (9): 697–720. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.9.697. PMID 14584987.
- Kahneman, D.; Krueger, A.; Schkade, D.; Schwarz, Due north.; Stone, A. (2006). "Would you be happier if you were richer? A focusing illusion". Science 312 (5782): 1908–ten. doi:10.1126/science.1129688. PMID 16809528.
- Thinking, Fast and Tedious (ISBN 978-0374275631) publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux (October 25, 2011). Reviewed past Freeman Dyson in New York Review of Books, 22-Dec-2011, pages twoscore–44.
Bibliography - Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking Fast and Slow, Allen Lane 2011
- Kahneman, D. (2003). Maps of bounded rationality: A perspective on intuitive judgment and option. In T. Frangsmyr (Ed.), Les Prix Nobel 2002 [Nobel Prizes 2002]. Stockholm, Sweden: Almquist & Wiksell International. Note that this affiliate has two sections: the first is an autobiography (with a eulogy for Amos Tversky), and the 2d is a transcript of his Nobel lecture, which is what the title refers to. The autobiographical portion has been republished every bit: Kahneman, D. (2007). Daniel Kahneman. In Thousand. Lindzey & W.Thou. Runyan (Eds.), A History of Psychology in Autobiography, Book Nine (pp. 155–197). Washington, DC: American Psychological Clan. It is also bachelor on the Nobel Prize website.
- Kahneman, D.; Beatty, J. (1966). "Pupil diameter and load on memory". Science 154 (3756): 1583–1585. doi:x.1126/scientific discipline.154.3756.1583. PMID 5924930.
- Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment Under Dubiety: Heuristics and Biases. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Kahneman, D.; Tversky, A. (1973). "On the psychology of prediction". Psychological Review 80 (4): 237–251. doi:10.1037/h0034747.
- Kahneman, D.; Tversky, A. (1979). "Prospect theory: An analysis of decisions nether adventure". Econometrica 47: 313–327.
- Professor Paul Bloom, Yale University 2008, Yale Open Course, Introduction to Psychology, Lecture ten Transcript
Interviews with Kahneman - 'Can We Trust Our Intuitions?' in Alex Voorhoeve Conversations on Ideals. Oxford Academy Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-nineteen-921537-9 (Discusses Kahneman'due south views about the reliability of moral intuitions [case judgments] and the relevance of his work for the search for 'reflective equilibrium' in moral philosophy.)
Radio Interviews - All in the Mind, ABC, Australia (2003)
- All in the Heed, BBC, Great United kingdom (2011)
On-line Interviews - Thinking about Thinking - An Interview with Daniel Kahneman (2011) [one]
See too  | Psychology portal | - Listing of economists
- Listing of Jewish Nobel laureates
- Optimism bias
- Planning fallacy
- Amos Tversky
References Citations - ^ "The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers. 71 Daniel Kahneman". foreignpolicy.com. Nov 28, 2011. Retrieved November three, 2012.
- ^ a b Kahneman, Daniel (2002). "Autobiography". nobelprize.org. Retrieved Nov 3, 2012.
- ^ Kahneman, Diener & Schwarz 1999, p. nine.
- ^ Kahneman, Diener & Schwarz 1999.
- ^ "Daniel Kahneman, Ph.D.". The Gallup Organization. 2012. Retrieved November 3, 2012.
- ^ גיא בניוביץ' (June twenty, 1995). "הישראלי מספר 1: יצחק רבין" (in Hebrew). Ynet. Retrieved July x, 2011.
- ^ Cynkar, Amy (April 4, 2007). "A towering figure". Monitor on Psychology (American Psychological Association). Retrieved November 26, 2008. "Daniel Kahneman will receive APA's lifetime contributions award at convention for his piece of work challenging human rationality and decision-making."
- ^ "Daniel Kahneman". Erasmus Academy Rotterdam. Retrieved November 3, 2012.
- ^ "The 50 Most Influential People in Global Finance". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved November 3, 2012.
- ^ "Talcott Parsons Prize Ceremony and Address: Two Systems in the Mind". American University of Arts and Sciences. Nov 9, 2011. Retrieved November 3, 2012.
- ^ "Alex Shakar, Stephen King win Times Book Prizes". LA Times (Tribune Company). April 20, 2012. Retrieved November three, 2012.
- ^ "His Excellency Dr. Daniel Kahneman". www.racef.es. June 14, 2012. Retrieved November 2, 2012.
Sources - Kahneman, Daniel; Diener, Ed; Schwarz, Norbert (1999). Well-Being. The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology. Russell Sage Foundation. ISBN 0-87154-424-5.
External links - Official website (at Princeton)
- Kahneman's resume (2011)
- Works by or about Daniel Kahneman in libraries (WorldCat itemize)
- Maps of Bounded Rationality 2002 lecture at NobelPrize.org
- Profile and Papers at Research Papers in Economic science (RePEc)
- Lecture on "The riddle of experience vs. memory" at TED, February 2010
- Teller exploits fast thinking
- Talcott Parsons Prize Ceremony and Address: Ii Systems of the Heed
- Review: Thinking, Fast and Boring past Daniel Kahneman
- 2012 Singularity Summit Q&A with Kahneman on Fora.telly
| Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economics (2001–2025) | | - George Akerlof / Michael Spence / Joseph Due east. Stiglitz (2001)
- Daniel Kahneman / Vernon L. Smith (2002)
- Robert F. Engle / Clive Granger (2003)
- Finn Due east. Kydland / Edward C. Prescott (2004)
- Robert Aumann / Thomas Schelling (2005)
- Edmund Phelps (2006)
- Leonid Hurwicz / Eric Maskin / Roger Myerson (2007)
- Paul Krugman (2008)
- Elinor Ostrom / Oliver E. Williamson (2009)
- Peter A. Diamond / Dale T. Mortensen / Christopher A. Pissarides (2010)
- Thomas J. Sargent / Christopher A. Sims (2011)
- Alvin E. Roth / Lloyd South. Shapley (2012)
| | - Consummate list
- (1969–1975)
- (1976–2000)
- (2001–2025)
| | Persondata | | Proper name | Kahneman, Daniel | | Alternative names | | | Short description | | | Date of birth | March five, 1934 | | Place of nascence | Tel Aviv, Israel | | Engagement of death | | | Place of death | | From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | | 
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